Family Income and Expenditure Survey 2012 Volume 1
Philippines, 2012 - 2013
Reference ID
PHL-NSO-FIES-2012-v01
Producer(s)
Philippine Statistics Authority
Collection(s)
Metadata
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Sep 14, 2021
Last modified
Sep 15, 2021
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Identification
Title
Family Income and Expenditure Survey 2012 Volume 1
Countries
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Philippines | PHL |
idno
PHL-NSO-FIES-2012-v01
Study notes
The 2012 Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) adopted the 2009 Philippine Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (PCOICOP). The 2009 PCOICOP is the first standard classification of individual consumption expenditure in the country prepared by the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) in collaboration with concerned agencies in the Philippine Statistical System (PSS). The 2009 PCOICOP was patterned after the 1999 Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) issued by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD).
The 2012 FIES is a sample survey designed to provide income and expenditure data for the country and its seventeen (17) regions. These data are the basic sources of information on human development and the basis of the policies and programs of the government to improve the socio-economic conditions of the Filipino people.
The survey was conducted in two separate rounds using separate questionnaires with the same set of questions. The first was conducted in July 2012 and the second was in January 2013. For each round, the reference period was the half-year period preceding the survey.
The 2012 FIES is a sample survey designed to provide income and expenditure data for the country and its seventeen (17) regions. These data are the basic sources of information on human development and the basis of the policies and programs of the government to improve the socio-economic conditions of the Filipino people.
The survey was conducted in two separate rounds using separate questionnaires with the same set of questions. The first was conducted in July 2012 and the second was in January 2013. For each round, the reference period was the half-year period preceding the survey.
Kind of data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of analysis
The reporting unit was the household which implied that the statistics emanating from this survey referred to the characteristics of the population residing in private households. Institutional population is not within the scope of the survey.
For FIES, the concept of family was used. A family consists of the household head, spouse, unmarried children, ever-married children, son-in-law/daughter-in-law, parents of the head/spouse and other relatives who are members of the household.
In addition, two or more persons not related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption are also considered in this survey. However, only the income and expenditure of the member who is considered as the household head are included.
For FIES, the concept of family was used. A family consists of the household head, spouse, unmarried children, ever-married children, son-in-law/daughter-in-law, parents of the head/spouse and other relatives who are members of the household.
In addition, two or more persons not related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption are also considered in this survey. However, only the income and expenditure of the member who is considered as the household head are included.
Version
Version
V.3 PUF
Version date
2016-02-22
Scope
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| Income and consumption | Philippine Statistics Authority | |
| Household surveys | Philippine Statistics Authority |
Coverage
Geographic coverage
The 2003 Master Sample (MS) considers the country's 17 administrative regions as defined in Executive Orders (EO) 36 and 131 as the sampling domains. A domain is referred to as a subdivision of the country for which estimates with adequate level of precision are generated. It must be noted that while there is demand for data at the provincial level (and to some extent municipal and barangay levels), the provinces were not treated as sampling domains because there are more than 80 provinces which would entail a large resource requirement. Below are the 17 administrative regions of the country:
National Capital Region
Cordillera Administrative Region
Region I - Ilocos
Region II - Cagayan Valley
Region III - Central Luzon
Region IVA - CALABARZON
Region IVB - MIMAROPA
Region V - Bicol
Region VI - Western Visayas
Region VII - Central Visayas
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Region XI - Davao
Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN
Region XIII - Caraga
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
National Capital Region
Cordillera Administrative Region
Region I - Ilocos
Region II - Cagayan Valley
Region III - Central Luzon
Region IVA - CALABARZON
Region IVB - MIMAROPA
Region V - Bicol
Region VI - Western Visayas
Region VII - Central Visayas
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Region XI - Davao
Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN
Region XIII - Caraga
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
Unit of analysis
The reporting unit was the household which implied that the statistics emanating from this survey referred to the characteristics of the population residing in private households. Institutional population is not within the scope of the survey.
For FIES, the concept of family was used. A family consists of the household head, spouse, unmarried children, ever-married children, son-in-law/daughter-in-law, parents of the head/spouse and other relatives who are members of the household.
In addition, two or more persons not related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption are also considered in this survey. However, only the income and expenditure of the member who is considered as the household head are included.
For FIES, the concept of family was used. A family consists of the household head, spouse, unmarried children, ever-married children, son-in-law/daughter-in-law, parents of the head/spouse and other relatives who are members of the household.
In addition, two or more persons not related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption are also considered in this survey. However, only the income and expenditure of the member who is considered as the household head are included.
Universe
The 2012 FIES has as its target population, all households and members of households nationwide. A household is defined as an aggregate of persons, generally but not necessarily bound by ties of kinship, who live together under the same roof and eat together or share in common the household food. Household membership comprises the head of the household, relatives living with him such as his/her spouse, children, parent, brother/sister, son-in-law/daughter-in-law, grandson/granddaughter and other relatives. Household membership likewise includes boarders, domestic helpers and non-relatives. A person who lives alone is considered a separate household.
Producers and sponsors
Funding agencies
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Government of the Philippines | GOP | Full funding |
Sampling
Sampling procedure
The 2012 FIES utilized the 2003 Master Sample. As in most household surveys, the 2003 MS made use of an area sample design. For this purpose, the Enumeration Area Reference File (EARF) of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) was utilized as sampling frame. The EARF contains the number of households by enumeration area (EA) in each barangay.
This frame was used to form the primary sampling units (PSUs). With consideration of the period for which the 2003 MS will be in use, the PSUs were formed/defined as a barangay or a combination of barangays with at least 500 households.
The 2003 MS considers the 17 regions of the country as the primary strata. Within each region, further stratification was performed using geographic groupings such as provinces, highly urbanized cities (HUCs), and independent component cities (ICCs). Within each of these substrata formed within regions, the PSUs were further stratified, to the extent possible, using the proportion of strong houses (PSTRONG), indicator of engagement in agriculture of the area (AGRI), and a measure of per capita income (PERCAPITA) as stratification factors.
The 2003 MS consists of a sample of 2,835 PSUs. The entire MS was divided into four sub-samples or independent replicates, such as a quarter sample contains one fourth of the total PSUs; a half sample contains one-half of the four sub-samples or equivalent to all PSUs in two replicates.
The final number of sample PSUs for each domain was determined by first classifying PSUs as either self-representing (SR) or non-self-representing (NSR). In addition, to facilitate the selection of sub-samples, the total number of NSR PSUs in each region was adjusted to make it a multiple of 4.
SR PSUs refers to a very large PSU in the region/domain with a selection probability of approximately 1 or higher and is outright included in the MS; it is properly treated as a stratum; also known as certainty PSU. NSR PSUs refers to a regular too small sized PSU in a region/domain; also known as non certainty PSU. The 2003 MS consists of 330 certainty PSUs and 2,505 non-certainty PSUs.
To have some control over the sub-sample size, the PSUs were selected with probability proportional to some estimated measure of size. The size measure refers to the total number of households from the 2000 CPH. Because of the wide variation in PSU sizes, PSUs with selection probabilities greater than 1 were identified and were included in the sample as certainty selections.
At the second stage, enumeration areas (EAs) were selected within sampled PSUs, and at the third stage, housing units were selected within sampled EAs. Generally, all households in sampled housing units were enumerated, except for few cases when the number of households in a housing unit exceeds three. In which case, a sample of three households in a sampled housing unit was selected at random with equal probability.
An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries within barangays consisting of about 150 contiguous households. These EAs were identified during the 2000 CPH. A housing unit, on the other hand, is a structurally separate and independent place of abode which, by the way it has been constructed, converted, or arranged, is intended for habitation by a household.
The 2012 FIES involved the interview of a national sample of about 50,000 sample households deemed sufficient to gather data on family income and family expenditure and related information affecting income and expenditure levels and patterns in the Philippines at the national and regional level. The sample households covered in the survey were the same households interviewed in the July 2012 and January 2013 round of the LFS.
This frame was used to form the primary sampling units (PSUs). With consideration of the period for which the 2003 MS will be in use, the PSUs were formed/defined as a barangay or a combination of barangays with at least 500 households.
The 2003 MS considers the 17 regions of the country as the primary strata. Within each region, further stratification was performed using geographic groupings such as provinces, highly urbanized cities (HUCs), and independent component cities (ICCs). Within each of these substrata formed within regions, the PSUs were further stratified, to the extent possible, using the proportion of strong houses (PSTRONG), indicator of engagement in agriculture of the area (AGRI), and a measure of per capita income (PERCAPITA) as stratification factors.
The 2003 MS consists of a sample of 2,835 PSUs. The entire MS was divided into four sub-samples or independent replicates, such as a quarter sample contains one fourth of the total PSUs; a half sample contains one-half of the four sub-samples or equivalent to all PSUs in two replicates.
The final number of sample PSUs for each domain was determined by first classifying PSUs as either self-representing (SR) or non-self-representing (NSR). In addition, to facilitate the selection of sub-samples, the total number of NSR PSUs in each region was adjusted to make it a multiple of 4.
SR PSUs refers to a very large PSU in the region/domain with a selection probability of approximately 1 or higher and is outright included in the MS; it is properly treated as a stratum; also known as certainty PSU. NSR PSUs refers to a regular too small sized PSU in a region/domain; also known as non certainty PSU. The 2003 MS consists of 330 certainty PSUs and 2,505 non-certainty PSUs.
To have some control over the sub-sample size, the PSUs were selected with probability proportional to some estimated measure of size. The size measure refers to the total number of households from the 2000 CPH. Because of the wide variation in PSU sizes, PSUs with selection probabilities greater than 1 were identified and were included in the sample as certainty selections.
At the second stage, enumeration areas (EAs) were selected within sampled PSUs, and at the third stage, housing units were selected within sampled EAs. Generally, all households in sampled housing units were enumerated, except for few cases when the number of households in a housing unit exceeds three. In which case, a sample of three households in a sampled housing unit was selected at random with equal probability.
An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries within barangays consisting of about 150 contiguous households. These EAs were identified during the 2000 CPH. A housing unit, on the other hand, is a structurally separate and independent place of abode which, by the way it has been constructed, converted, or arranged, is intended for habitation by a household.
The 2012 FIES involved the interview of a national sample of about 50,000 sample households deemed sufficient to gather data on family income and family expenditure and related information affecting income and expenditure levels and patterns in the Philippines at the national and regional level. The sample households covered in the survey were the same households interviewed in the July 2012 and January 2013 round of the LFS.
Response rate
The response rate for this survey is 90.1 percent. The response rate is the ratio of the total responding households to the total number of eligible households. Eligible households include households who were completely interviewed, refused to be interviewed or were temporarily away or not at home or on vacation during the survey period.
Weighting
In the 2003 Master Sample Design, the probability that a household is included in the sample varies across domains/regions. However, the sampling design is epsem within domain (i.e. equal selection probabilities within region). The initial step in the construction of weights is to determine the unit's base weight. This is defined as the inverse of its selection probabilities. The base weight is further adjusted to take into account possible non-response and possibly to make the estimates conform to some known population totals.
The final survey weight assigned to each responding unit is computed as the product of the base weight, the non-response adjustment and the population weighting adjustment (in the case of households as responding unit - the household population weighting adjustment).
The final survey weight assigned to each responding unit is computed as the product of the base weight, the non-response adjustment and the population weighting adjustment (in the case of households as responding unit - the household population weighting adjustment).
Data Collection
Dates of collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2012-07-08 | 2012-07-31 | Visit 1 |
| 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-31 | Visit 2 |
Time period(s)
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2012-01-01 | 2012-06-30 | Visit 1 - First Phase |
| 2012-07-01 | 2012-12-31 | Visit 2 - Second Phase |
Mode of data collection
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data collection supervision
The Regional Directors (RDs), Provincial Statistical Officers (PSOs) , Provincial Statisticians and selected District Statistical Officers (DSOs)/ Statistical Coordination Officers (SCOs) are provided funds for supervision. It is expected that there should always be strict supervision on the conduct of the survey.
All field personnel who will supervise during the operation should prepare an itinerary of travel to insure effective and close supervision of the enumerators. A copy of the itinerary of travel should always be available in the field office so that in case some problems or other matters require the attention of a supervisor, then he can be located easily. Central Office (CO) personnel will also be assigned in the field during the enumeration and it will be important to contact the field staff to determine the status of the operation.
It is the responsibility of the supervisors to give prompt action to problems in the field. The RDs, PSOs and their assistants should visit enumerators (ENs) within their jurisdiction to find out for themselves if instructions are being followed.
All field personnel who will supervise are required to fill-up ISH Form 1B. Instructions on how to fill-up this form are discussed in page 11.
During supervision, the following should be done:
1. Observe how the interview is being conducted. Errors noted should be pointed out to the ENs to avoid the same mistakes in succeeding interviews.
2. Scrutinize the accomplished questionnaires for correctness, completeness and consistency of entries and return the problem questionnaires to the ENs for verification of the incorrect entries.
3.Conduct a random re-interview of households/respondents to ensure that the ENs really visited and interviewed the sample households and eligible respondents.
4. Help solve problems encountered by enumerators such as refusals, callbacks and others.
5. Ensure that expected outputs of the ENs are met.
6. Ensure that the ENs who were trained were the ones conducting the interview.
7. Collect the questionnaires from the ENs as well as accomplishment reports.
8. Be available if the ENs need assistance in relation to the conduct of the surveys.
9. Fill-up the Supervisor's Report Form (Attachment 4) which shall be submitted to the Regional Office.
All field personnel who will supervise during the operation should prepare an itinerary of travel to insure effective and close supervision of the enumerators. A copy of the itinerary of travel should always be available in the field office so that in case some problems or other matters require the attention of a supervisor, then he can be located easily. Central Office (CO) personnel will also be assigned in the field during the enumeration and it will be important to contact the field staff to determine the status of the operation.
It is the responsibility of the supervisors to give prompt action to problems in the field. The RDs, PSOs and their assistants should visit enumerators (ENs) within their jurisdiction to find out for themselves if instructions are being followed.
All field personnel who will supervise are required to fill-up ISH Form 1B. Instructions on how to fill-up this form are discussed in page 11.
During supervision, the following should be done:
1. Observe how the interview is being conducted. Errors noted should be pointed out to the ENs to avoid the same mistakes in succeeding interviews.
2. Scrutinize the accomplished questionnaires for correctness, completeness and consistency of entries and return the problem questionnaires to the ENs for verification of the incorrect entries.
3.Conduct a random re-interview of households/respondents to ensure that the ENs really visited and interviewed the sample households and eligible respondents.
4. Help solve problems encountered by enumerators such as refusals, callbacks and others.
5. Ensure that expected outputs of the ENs are met.
6. Ensure that the ENs who were trained were the ones conducting the interview.
7. Collect the questionnaires from the ENs as well as accomplishment reports.
8. Be available if the ENs need assistance in relation to the conduct of the surveys.
9. Fill-up the Supervisor's Report Form (Attachment 4) which shall be submitted to the Regional Office.
Questionnaires
The questionnaire collects information on family income, sources of income, family expenditure and related information affecting family income and expenditure levels and patterns in the Philippines.
Data collector(s)
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Provincial regular staff | SCOs | Phillippine Statistics Authority |
| Hired Enumerators | Hired ENs | Phillippine Statistics Authority |
Data Processing
Data editing
The 2012 FIES questionnaire contains about 1915 data items and a summary for comparing income and expenditures. The questionnaires were subjected to a rigorous manual and machine edit checks for completeness, arithmetic accuracy, range validity and internal consistency.
The major steps in the machine processing are as follows:
1. Data Entry
2. Completeness Check
3. Matching of visit records
4. Consistency and Macro Edit (Big Edit)
5. Generation of the Public Use File
6. Tabulation
Steps 1 to 2 were done right after each visit. The remaining steps were carried out only after the second visit had been completed.
Steps 1 to 4 were done at the Regional Office while Steps 5 and 6 were completed in the Central Office.
After completing Steps 1 to 4, data files were transmitted to the Central Office where a summary file was generated. The summary file was used to produce the consistency tables as well as the preliminary and textual tables.
When the generated tables showed inconsistencies, selected data items were subjected to further scrutiny and validation. The cycle of generation of consistency tables and data validation were done until questionable data items were verified.
The FAME (FIES computer-Aided Consistency and Macro Editing), an interactive Windows-based application system was used in data processing. This system was used starting with the 2000 FIES round. The interactive module of FAME enabled the following activities to be done simultaneously.
a) Matching of visit records
b) Consistency and macro edit (big edit)
c) Range check
The improved system minimized processing time as well as minimized, if not eliminated, the need for paper to generate the reject listing.
The major steps in the machine processing are as follows:
1. Data Entry
2. Completeness Check
3. Matching of visit records
4. Consistency and Macro Edit (Big Edit)
5. Generation of the Public Use File
6. Tabulation
Steps 1 to 2 were done right after each visit. The remaining steps were carried out only after the second visit had been completed.
Steps 1 to 4 were done at the Regional Office while Steps 5 and 6 were completed in the Central Office.
After completing Steps 1 to 4, data files were transmitted to the Central Office where a summary file was generated. The summary file was used to produce the consistency tables as well as the preliminary and textual tables.
When the generated tables showed inconsistencies, selected data items were subjected to further scrutiny and validation. The cycle of generation of consistency tables and data validation were done until questionable data items were verified.
The FAME (FIES computer-Aided Consistency and Macro Editing), an interactive Windows-based application system was used in data processing. This system was used starting with the 2000 FIES round. The interactive module of FAME enabled the following activities to be done simultaneously.
a) Matching of visit records
b) Consistency and macro edit (big edit)
c) Range check
The improved system minimized processing time as well as minimized, if not eliminated, the need for paper to generate the reject listing.
Data access
Access authorities
| Name | Affiliation | URI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Statistician | Philippine Statistics Authority | info@psa.gov.ph | www.psa.gov.ph |
Access conditions
Authorization to use this data is granted only to the client or data user and persons within its organization, if applicable. Under no circumstances shall the client reproduce, distribute, sell or lend the entire data or parts thereof to any other data user apart from himself or that of authorized employees in his organization. The PSA shall hold the data user fully responsible for safeguarding the data from any unauthorized access or use.
Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree:
1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the PSA.
2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified in the dataset.
3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately reported to the PSA.
Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree:
1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the PSA.
2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified in the dataset.
3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately reported to the PSA.
Citation requirements
"Philippine Statistics Authority, Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES 2012) of the public use dataset (February 2016), provided by the PSA Data Archive. www.psa.gov.ph/psada"
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The data users/researchers acknowledge that the PSA bears no liabilities and responsibilities for any particular, indirect, or consequential damages or any damages, whatsoever resulting from loss of use, or of data in connection with the use or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Copyrights
(c) 2015, Philippine Statistics Authority
contacts
Contact(s)
| Name | Affiliation | URI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chief, Income and Employment Statistics Division | Philippine Statistics Authority | iesd.staff@psa.gov.ph | www.psa.gov.ph |
| Chief, Knowledge Management and Coordination Division | Philippine Statistics Authority | info@psa.gov.ph | www.psa.gov.ph |